What is Alternative Vote?

Definition of Alternative Vote (AV)?

Alternative Vote (AV) is a process of selecting a candidate with absolute majority or the candidate with more than half of the votes cast. If after voting and no candidate wins the requisite majority, the candidate with the lowest votes would be eliminated and fresh voting would be conducted for others so as to have the votes of the eliminated candidate be redistributed among other contestants. This process is repeated over and over again until a candidate emerges the winner by garnering the requisite majority. 

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What is Agenda-setting?

Definition of Agenda-setting

Agenda-setting is an art and science of making issues appear very important to the public, geared towards achieving a desired outcome especially for political reasons.

The media often wields this instrument the most since 'people' believe more in them. They could make even the death of a chicken in my village, Aguleri, in Nigeria to become the world's most discussed issue. Bernard Cohen observed that the press "may not be successful much of the time in telling people what to think, but it is stunningly successful in telling its readers what to think about. 

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What is Affirmative Action?

Definition of Affirmative Action

Affirmative Action is a policy design geared towards correcting social, economic or political imbalance or discrimination in the society. It is a correctional and re-distributive measures in favour of hitherto disadvantaged group in a society. This policy design could be pursued with wealth redistribution or quota concession.

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What is Administrative Law?

Definition of Administrative Law

Administrative law entails the law relating to the control or the use of governmental power. It includes also rules guiding public decision-making. It is a set of guiding principles put in place in public offices towards ensuring due process and best practices.

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What is Foreign Policy?

Definition of Foreign Policy

Foreign policy is a set of strategies adopted by a country in pursuit of its national interests abroad. They are plan of actions designed by a country which shapes her behaviour while relating with other countries. Foreign policies are purposeful and are geared towards protecting and promoting national interests. Foreign policy therefore could pass as the sum total of socio-economic and political plan of actions implemented by a country towards achieving its national interests.

Foreign policy is effective only when it is implemented.  

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What is a Sitemap?

Definition of Sitemap

A sitemap is simply a compass to navigating the sea of contents on a websites by web crawlers such as Googlebots. Sitemap makes every utility in your website locateable. Web bots follow web links to do their various operations which could be indexing of website contents or serving of targeted advertisements to web users. Without sitemap, websites could have some of their contents not being indexed for the search engine.

Sitemaps are however not only for bots. Humans navigate websites using sitemaps too. Many websites, feature menu tabs and other texts links helping you to navigate the website easily in a bid to locating the utility resource in your interest. Websites that are easily navigated are said to be having good user experience.

A sample sitemap: http://what-iz.blogspot.com.ng/atom.xml?redirect=false&start-index=501&max-results=500

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What is Collective Security?

Definition of Collective Security 

Collective security is a united front for protection against threat especially by countries of the world. Collective Security was suggested by the belief that insecurity anywhere is a threat to security everywhere. Also, by the belief in the dictum that an injury to one is an injury to all.

Security is a universal need and therefore should be indivisible. Collective Security informed the coming together by the countries of the world in San Francisco after the WWII in 1945 to unite for peace and security.

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What is Deterrence?

Definition of Deterrence by UN

Deterrence has been defined by United Nations as a security concept whose objective is to dissuade a potential adversary from initiating war, by threatening the use of force in order either to deny an adversary from gaining his objectives by military means or to punish the adversary should he seek to do so.

Deterrence is in its simplest terms means "check." Just as is observable from the UN definition above, deterrence employs threat of force and threat of punishment. The implementation of the threats shows deterrence has failed. It has failed to deterring an adversary from going for his objectives especially militarily. But if the adversary goes back to his shell out of fear of the threat of the use of force or that of punishment, then deterrence is effective. It has deterred the adversary from going for the controversial objective.

Deterrence has been achieved overtime using economic and military instruments. Many nuclear capable countries don't use the weapons but they require it for deterrence; "Hey! Don't mess up with us, we have nukes." 

I hope this helps.

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